Only a couple of weeks to go until the final presentation of a new 1199 Ducati Panigale the EICMA International Motorcycle Exhibition in Milan (10-13 11), the Italian manufacturer is now to unravel the secrets of a great power of the Superbike 2012.
Point of reference for the more extreme
Ducati Motor past the Superquadras, goes beyond the boundaries of engineering to allow the introduction of a futuristic vision of Superbike today. His uncompromising approach to design combined with innovative Italian Ducati just set the benchmark and the most extreme of the story is presented as the latest milestone in the long history and iconic Ducati Superbike engine.
Point of reference for the more extreme
Ducati Motor past the Superquadras, goes beyond the boundaries of engineering to allow the introduction of a futuristic vision of Superbike today. His uncompromising approach to design combined with innovative Italian Ducati just set the benchmark and the most extreme of the story is presented as the latest milestone in the long history and iconic Ducati Superbike engine.
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| 2012-square 195hp Ducati L-Twin Engine |
Ducati engineers were given a design brief to impossible to create the next generation of engine Superbike Ducati Panigale 1199. Increase the power, torque and ease of use and reduce the overall weight of the vehicle and planned maintenance tasks that seemed impossible, but given a "blank canvas" to create the new power station and asked to think out-of-the-box to do the impossible, engineers have finally ticked all the boxes.
The innovative engine Superquadro, so called because of its more massive square bore and stroke ratio rose to power in a production milestone absolute twin 195hp and torque to 98.1 lb-ft (13.5kgm) with user-friendly modes of riding that provide this current suit rider style and environment. Its construction has allowed a radical reduction of the total weight of the vehicle, and also to identify the constant pursuit of excellence Ducati performance, the main services have been expanded to 24,000 km (15,000 miles).
Fabio Taglioni only head 90 ° L-twin configuration and desmodromic valve control has been preserved in older engines. Everything else is new.
2012 Ducati Superquadro the motor 195hp L-Twin and benefits
The engine architecture
When the engine has been designed to be fully supporting frame, its architecture has been completely re-calculated to provide the optimal layout of the vehicle structure, weight distribution and power. Cylinders, which are 90 ° to each other, is to go back around the casing further 6 °, until the front of the cylinder is 21 ° from horizontal. This allowed the positioning engine 32 mm forward to improve weight distribution front / rear, in addition to completely fix the cylinder head 1199 Panigale anchors the monocoque frame.
Housings, which is vacuum-formed using Vacural ® technology to ensure optimal weight gain, the uniform wall thickness and increased strength, also include in their form, the water jacket outside in the "cylinder" eliminating face collection that is used to exist in the bottom of the bottles. Instead a separate Superquadro Nikasil coated aluminum "wet shirt" inserted in the upper crankcase vents. This design allows secure attachment of the cylinder head directly to the housing, better sealing and improved heat dissipation in the thin cylinder liners directly in the surrounding coolant.
Skid plate unit, clutch cover and the outer cover and cam cover are cast in magnesium alloy, providing a lightweight engine despite its increasing resistance as an integral part of the chassis.
In addition to the position of the cylinder housings, they are now using shell main bearings for the crankshaft, previously only used by Ducati Desmosedici RR on engines. Remove roller bearings has increased the diameter of the crank journals for increased rigidity and a section of casing to increase around the area of bearing for improved resistance in line with Superquadro extreme effect. Shell bearings are force-fed oil from domestic wells in the main bearing bars to keep the new crankshaft lubricated and are quickly trapped back in the swamp with the introduction of a new Ducati feature an extremely efficient vacuum pump MotoGP style.
The pump operates mainly in the oil pump shaft and effectively maintain a constant negative pressure in the crankcase below the piston, reducing the resistance of the atmosphere up to reciprocating internal control and an engine to "breathe".
Extreme Dimensions
The calculation of the optimal configuration to reach the next major step in the output power for the L-twin engine, an increase of Ducati and Ducati Corse engineers motor speed and breathability with the bore and stroke of incredible 112mm x 60.8mm. The intense study of power and handling resulted in a production 195hp@10.750 rpm and 98.1 lb-ft (13.5kgm) @ 9000 rpm. The new bore and stroke ratio of 1.84:1 effectively increases the number of race laps with ultra-short of the increase of the crankshaft and the cylinder area to allow for increased valve diameters. Contacts aspiration increased from 43.5 to 46.8mm and the exhaust valves from 34.5 to 38.2mm.
These large intake valves are higher-rpm, high inertial forces are controlled using titanium instead of steel, a solution already used in full, "R" models. The new valves are actuated by racing-derived rockers, 'super-ready "reduced friction and fatigue, and then coated with a polymer-like carbon (PLC), a process originally developed for the aerospace industry.
The stroke of the pistons Superquadro derivatives have a distinctive double-ribbed below the crown for high strength and reduced friction by using minimal piston wall surface. Using technology developed by Ducati Corse, the design enables reliable operation of the 112mm diameter pistons when performing at high rpm.
Improved volumetric efficiency increased diameter of the intake valve is still activated by the addition of a size oval throttle body diameter is an equivalent of 63.9 67.5 mm thick and very smooth. Ride-by-wire throttle bodies feed individual automatic injectors per cylinder, one of the butterfly below to improve the flexibility and power to direct one of the above.
Clean energy
This increased "breathing", the challenge was to design optimized mapping program-square performance of the fuel cycle, fluid stroke engine emissions without sacrificing functionality. To achieve this goal, Ducati introduced the secondary air system, which integrates the oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons, and effectively reduce HC and CO levels. The system is activated when the engine control unit to identify the specific circumstances of the engine through the action of lambda sensors and throttle opening. After opening the valve allows the flow of clean air is important, without the airbox is a butterfly valve located at each end, which allows a unidirectional flow of air coming out of the gallery into the vent near the valve drain. Entering the hottest point of the exhaust gas, fresh air to improve the environment to burn, remove all unburned fuel that escapes from the exhaust gases during the period under certain conditions.
Depends Desmo
This engine extreme, never before has a Ducati Desmodromic system is so vital. Schemes with a high-square works with both valves of large size, it would be impossible for the roker-arm to follow the steep closure profile of the cam jewelry using the normal closure of the valve springs. Desmo system the valve to mechanically activated by the same method, and accuracy as it opens, when the steep cam profiles, a radical cam timing, valve large and high speed. This system is used for all motorcycles, and has always shown the World Superbike and Desmosedici MotoGP Ducati Corse.
The force resolution
Control of such large valves with the system also specifies desmodromic led engineers to replace the original belt concept, used since the introduction of Ducati Pantah in 1979, with a combined chain and gear arrangement. The conventional string will brush the crankshaft to the cylinder head, where a single chain wheel positioned between the inlet and exhaust camshafts, are connected back to back to a pinion mounted on its own card, tree dedicated. The enclosed gears mesh directly with gables on the ends of both camshafts intake and exhaust, which are also designed with + / - adjustment of the position of cam-ultra-precise calibration. The distribution chain, providing very efficient point-to-point route of the road and tightened automatically provides continuous reliability and further reduce the cost of routine maintenance.
And 'all the exhaust camshaft gear is a flyweight centrifugal retracts when the speed is less than ticks on run "remain," From the concentric part of the nose, which creates enough lift valve is de-compressor. This ingenious device allows superquadro engine can be started easily, without a larger battery and the starter motor, which has reduced the size of the vehicle weight of approximately 3.3 kg (7.3 £). When the engine starts and the cam starts to rotate tick-over speed, the centrifugal flyweight out of the movie, pushing the "bulge", back to the cam and the valve allows complete closure of the full compression. This innovative feature is further emphasized by the length of the designers and engineers have worked together on a determined search for weight savings.
The new transmission
Ducati also enabled engineers to "Blank Canvas" project to increase the distance between the centers of trees six-speed gearbox allows larger diameter, stronger gears transmit power to improve. The new top-of-the-range Ducati is "wet" clutch in oil bath. Based very closely on the design of the Multi Strada Diavel and components, the switch assembly features function "slipper" and a progressive self-servo mechanism that presses the friction plates under the car from the engine. While the effectiveness of friction, this leads to the pilot-friendly light clutch lever "feel" to the handlebars.
Perfection Performance
Competition is the platform that Ducati has always challenged and measured. It is a discipline for designers and engineers, and whether the reasons for a company where the constant desire to win has become a way of life. It Superquadro drives the most powerful twin-cylinder production on the planet, and is intended to drive the new 1199 Ducati Panigale with absolute performance perfection.
By contrast, when the motor is reversed (track), the mechanism reduces the pressure on the friction plates, allowing a race "slipper" action, which reduces the destabilizing effect of the rear in gear reduction aggressive and to provide a soft feel when closing the throttle or slow down under normal conditions.
The innovative engine Superquadro, so called because of its more massive square bore and stroke ratio rose to power in a production milestone absolute twin 195hp and torque to 98.1 lb-ft (13.5kgm) with user-friendly modes of riding that provide this current suit rider style and environment. Its construction has allowed a radical reduction of the total weight of the vehicle, and also to identify the constant pursuit of excellence Ducati performance, the main services have been expanded to 24,000 km (15,000 miles).
Fabio Taglioni only head 90 ° L-twin configuration and desmodromic valve control has been preserved in older engines. Everything else is new.
 |
| 2012-square 195hp Ducati L-Twin Engine |
2012 Ducati Superquadro the motor 195hp L-Twin and benefits
The engine architecture
When the engine has been designed to be fully supporting frame, its architecture has been completely re-calculated to provide the optimal layout of the vehicle structure, weight distribution and power. Cylinders, which are 90 ° to each other, is to go back around the casing further 6 °, until the front of the cylinder is 21 ° from horizontal. This allowed the positioning engine 32 mm forward to improve weight distribution front / rear, in addition to completely fix the cylinder head 1199 Panigale anchors the monocoque frame.
 |
| 2012-square 195hp Ducati L-Twin Engine |
Housings, which is vacuum-formed using Vacural ® technology to ensure optimal weight gain, the uniform wall thickness and increased strength, also include in their form, the water jacket outside in the "cylinder" eliminating face collection that is used to exist in the bottom of the bottles. Instead a separate Superquadro Nikasil coated aluminum "wet shirt" inserted in the upper crankcase vents. This design allows secure attachment of the cylinder head directly to the housing, better sealing and improved heat dissipation in the thin cylinder liners directly in the surrounding coolant.
Skid plate unit, clutch cover and the outer cover and cam cover are cast in magnesium alloy, providing a lightweight engine despite its increasing resistance as an integral part of the chassis.
In addition to the position of the cylinder housings, they are now using shell main bearings for the crankshaft, previously only used by Ducati Desmosedici RR on engines. Remove roller bearings has increased the diameter of the crank journals for increased rigidity and a section of casing to increase around the area of bearing for improved resistance in line with Superquadro extreme effect. Shell bearings are force-fed oil from domestic wells in the main bearing bars to keep the new crankshaft lubricated and are quickly trapped back in the swamp with the introduction of a new Ducati feature an extremely efficient vacuum pump MotoGP style.
The pump operates mainly in the oil pump shaft and effectively maintain a constant negative pressure in the crankcase below the piston, reducing the resistance of the atmosphere up to reciprocating internal control and an engine to "breathe".
Extreme Dimensions
The calculation of the optimal configuration to reach the next major step in the output power for the L-twin engine, an increase of Ducati and Ducati Corse engineers motor speed and breathability with the bore and stroke of incredible 112mm x 60.8mm. The intense study of power and handling resulted in a production 195hp@10.750 rpm and 98.1 lb-ft (13.5kgm) @ 9000 rpm. The new bore and stroke ratio of 1.84:1 effectively increases the number of race laps with ultra-short of the increase of the crankshaft and the cylinder area to allow for increased valve diameters. Contacts aspiration increased from 43.5 to 46.8mm and the exhaust valves from 34.5 to 38.2mm.
These large intake valves are higher-rpm, high inertial forces are controlled using titanium instead of steel, a solution already used in full, "R" models. The new valves are actuated by racing-derived rockers, 'super-ready "reduced friction and fatigue, and then coated with a polymer-like carbon (PLC), a process originally developed for the aerospace industry.
The stroke of the pistons Superquadro derivatives have a distinctive double-ribbed below the crown for high strength and reduced friction by using minimal piston wall surface. Using technology developed by Ducati Corse, the design enables reliable operation of the 112mm diameter pistons when performing at high rpm.
Improved volumetric efficiency increased diameter of the intake valve is still activated by the addition of a size oval throttle body diameter is an equivalent of 63.9 67.5 mm thick and very smooth. Ride-by-wire throttle bodies feed individual automatic injectors per cylinder, one of the butterfly below to improve the flexibility and power to direct one of the above.
Clean energy
This increased "breathing", the challenge was to design optimized mapping program-square performance of the fuel cycle, fluid stroke engine emissions without sacrificing functionality. To achieve this goal, Ducati introduced the secondary air system, which integrates the oxidation of unburned hydrocarbons, and effectively reduce HC and CO levels. The system is activated when the engine control unit to identify the specific circumstances of the engine through the action of lambda sensors and throttle opening. After opening the valve allows the flow of clean air is important, without the airbox is a butterfly valve located at each end, which allows a unidirectional flow of air coming out of the gallery into the vent near the valve drain. Entering the hottest point of the exhaust gas, fresh air to improve the environment to burn, remove all unburned fuel that escapes from the exhaust gases during the period under certain conditions.
Depends Desmo
This engine extreme, never before has a Ducati Desmodromic system is so vital. Schemes with a high-square works with both valves of large size, it would be impossible for the roker-arm to follow the steep closure profile of the cam jewelry using the normal closure of the valve springs. Desmo system the valve to mechanically activated by the same method, and accuracy as it opens, when the steep cam profiles, a radical cam timing, valve large and high speed. This system is used for all motorcycles, and has always shown the World Superbike and Desmosedici MotoGP Ducati Corse.
The force resolution
Control of such large valves with the system also specifies desmodromic led engineers to replace the original belt concept, used since the introduction of Ducati Pantah in 1979, with a combined chain and gear arrangement. The conventional string will brush the crankshaft to the cylinder head, where a single chain wheel positioned between the inlet and exhaust camshafts, are connected back to back to a pinion mounted on its own card, tree dedicated. The enclosed gears mesh directly with gables on the ends of both camshafts intake and exhaust, which are also designed with + / - adjustment of the position of cam-ultra-precise calibration. The distribution chain, providing very efficient point-to-point route of the road and tightened automatically provides continuous reliability and further reduce the cost of routine maintenance.
And 'all the exhaust camshaft gear is a flyweight centrifugal retracts when the speed is less than ticks on run "remain," From the concentric part of the nose, which creates enough lift valve is de-compressor. This ingenious device allows superquadro engine can be started easily, without a larger battery and the starter motor, which has reduced the size of the vehicle weight of approximately 3.3 kg (7.3 £). When the engine starts and the cam starts to rotate tick-over speed, the centrifugal flyweight out of the movie, pushing the "bulge", back to the cam and the valve allows complete closure of the full compression. This innovative feature is further emphasized by the length of the designers and engineers have worked together on a determined search for weight savings.
The new transmission
Ducati also enabled engineers to "Blank Canvas" project to increase the distance between the centers of trees six-speed gearbox allows larger diameter, stronger gears transmit power to improve. The new top-of-the-range Ducati is "wet" clutch in oil bath. Based very closely on the design of the Multi Strada Diavel and components, the switch assembly features function "slipper" and a progressive self-servo mechanism that presses the friction plates under the car from the engine. While the effectiveness of friction, this leads to the pilot-friendly light clutch lever "feel" to the handlebars.
Perfection Performance
Competition is the platform that Ducati has always challenged and measured. It is a discipline for designers and engineers, and whether the reasons for a company where the constant desire to win has become a way of life. It Superquadro drives the most powerful twin-cylinder production on the planet, and is intended to drive the new 1199 Ducati Panigale with absolute performance perfection.
By contrast, when the motor is reversed (track), the mechanism reduces the pressure on the friction plates, allowing a race "slipper" action, which reduces the destabilizing effect of the rear in gear reduction aggressive and to provide a soft feel when closing the throttle or slow down under normal conditions.
